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Mon Jan 15, 2:50 PM ET
CHICAGO (AFP) - An experimental lung cancer treatment that drastically suppresses tumors in mice may point the way to more effective and less toxic therapies for this type of cancer in humans, a study said.
Texas researchers who administered two cancer-suppressing genes to mice reported that the combination gene therapy reduced the number of non-small-cell lung cancer tumors per mouse by 75 percent and the weight of tumors by 80 percent.
"We saw significant tumor regression, with minimal side effects," said Jack Roth, a professor at the University of Texas Anderson Cancer Center, and author of the study. "The low toxicity of this treatment suggests we should be able to give high doses of it."
The researchers said that the two genes, which are delivered to the tumors via nanoparticles, work synergistically to induce the cancer cells to kill themselves, a process known as apoptosis.
On its own, the gene p53 causes defective cells to commit suicide. It is often lacking or defective in cancer cells. FUS1 is a tumor-suppressor that is lacking in most human cancers, but it also boosts the effect of p53 by inhibiting the release of a protein that degrades p53.
Doctors at the Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas, are testing the FUS1 gene in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer -- the most common type of lung cancer. The researchers who conducted this study said this therapy could be a viable alternative to chemotherapy for aggressive lung cancers that have spread to other organs, because, unlike chemotherapy, it spares healthy cells, and in mice, at least, it has a better response rate.
In a separate study in the same issue of the journal Cancer Research, researchers from Dartmouth Medical School said they may have identified a biomarker for a particularly deadly form of breast cancer.
The researchers say the biomarker, a protein called nestin, is present in abundance in basal epithelial tumors, a highly aggressive form of cancer that can be difficult to diagnose and manage.
If a non-invasive test could be devised to detect nestin, the protein could be used to screen for women at risk for this type of cancer, which accounts for a disproportionate amount of breast cancer deaths.
All without ripping a baby's brain apart (with federal funding). How remarcable.
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