Adjusting for age and gender, the researchers found that risk of mortality among the uninsured was 40% than that among the insured. After additional adjustment for race/ethnicity, income, education, self- and physician-rated health status, body mass index, leisure exercise, smoking, and regular alcohol use, the uninsured were more likely to die than the insured.
Consequently, the researchers concluded that uninsurance is associated with mortality. Despite changes in medical treatments and the demography of the uninsured since a similar study in the mid-1980s, these results seem consistent with the results of a study for the prior time period, the researchers noted. The researchers also observed that the Institute of Medicine identifies three factors that influence health outcomes: not getting care when needed, not having a regular source of care, and not getting continuity of coverage.