This day in history.....

July 22nd


1917: Aleksandr Kerensky is named prime minister of the Russian Provisional Government established after the overthrow of Tsar Nicholas II. He only lasts in office until the Bolshevik revolution that fall.


1933: In his monoplane, the Winnie Mae, American aviator Wiley Post completes the first solo around-the-world flight. The flight takes him 7 days, 18 hr, 49 min.


1934: Bank robber John Dillinger, labeled by the FBI as "public enemy number one," is gunned down by federal agents as he leaves the Biograph Theater in Chicago.


1937: President Franklin Roosevelt suffers his first major legislative defeat when the U.S. Senate rejects his bid to expand the Supreme Court.


1977: The Chinese Communist Party expels the “Gang of Four,” who had tried to seize power after the death of Mao Zedong. Deng Xiaoping is reinstated as deputy premier.
 
July 23rd


1548: Mary, Queen of Scots, aged six, leaves Scotland for her arranged future marriage to the French dauphin Francis.


1858: The British government removes the restriction that prevents Jews from serving in Parliament, which allows Lionel Nathan Rothschild to join the House of Commons.


1900: The first Pan-African Congress in London, organized by Henry Sylvester Williams, draws delegates from Africa, North America, the Caribbean, and Europe. W. E. B. Du Bois gives the keynote address.


1952: The Free Officers, a revolutionary group led by Gamal Abdel Nasser, ousts Egypt's King Faruk I in a coup. Nasser himself comes to power two years later.


1967: A police raid of an after-hours bar in Detroit, Michigan, sparks rioting by African Americans in the city. Forty-three people are killed in the riots.


1996: Kerri Strug clinches the Olympic gold medal for the U.S. women's gymnastics team when she makes a final vault despite having torn ligaments in her ankle in a previous vault.
 
July 25th


1261: Michael VIII Palaeologus recovers the city of Constantinople and is crowned Byzantine emperor there, restoring Greek control over the Byzantine Empire after a half century of Latin rule.


1895: Pierre Curie marries fellow chemist Marie Sklodowska. The two researchers will share the Nobel Prize for physics in 1903 for their work on radioactivity.


1929: Pope Pius XI makes the first public appearance by a pope outside the Vatican since 1870.


1978: Louise Joy Brown, the world's first "test-tube" baby, is born in England. She is the product of in vitro fertilization, in which the mother's egg is fertilized outside of her body.


1997: K. R. Narayanan is sworn in as president of India, becoming the first member of India's Dilit or "untouchable" caste to lead the country.


1999: American cyclist Lance Armstrong wins the Tour de France, bicycle racing's top event, less than three years after being diagnosed with testicular cancer.
 
1999: American cyclist Lance Armstrong wins the Tour de France, bicycle racing's top event, less than three years after being diagnosed with testicular cancer.
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2005: Acused of using perfoming inhancing drugs in 1999...
 
July 28th


1750: German organist and composer Johann Sebastian Bach dies at the age of 65, after a failed eye operation.


1794: French revolutionary leader Maximilien Robespierre, who had executed many others during the Reign of Terror, dies at the guillotine himself after revolutionary leaders tire of his extremism.


1868: The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified, giving full citizenship to African Americans and applying civil rights protections to states and the federal government.


1932: Federal troops under General Douglas MacArthur drive the so-called Bonus Army, veterans of World War I who sought the payment of a delayed bonus, out of their encampment in Washington, D.C.

1945: A B-25 bomber, lost in low clouds, crashes into the 79th floor of the Empire State Building, killing 14.


1976: Two earthquakes, one measuring 8.2 on the Richter scale, hit Tangshan, China, killing more than 240,000 people.
 
Mare said:
July 28th





1868: The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified, giving full citizenship to African Americans and applying civil rights protections to states and the federal government.
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Only took that all-caring benevolent bunch of twits three years to get this done, and that was with disallowing Southern congressmen a vote on it. Bravo.

But no one notices that...too busy casting stones I guess.
 
July 29th


1848: During the Potato Famine in Ireland, a nationalist rebellion led by William Smith O'Brien is crushed, and O'Brien arrested.


1890: Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh dies at the age of 47, two days after shooting himself.


1958: President Dwight Eisenhower signs legislation creating the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).


1968: In his encyclical Humanae Vitae, Pope Paul VI reaffirms the traditional Roman Catholic ban on artificial contraception.


1981: Britain's Prince Charles marries Lady Diana Spencer in an internationally televised ceremony in Saint Paul's Cathedral in London.


1992: Former East German leader Erich Honecker returns to Berlin to face charges in the deaths of people attempting to cross the Berlin Wall during his time in office. The charges are later dropped.
 
July 30th


1619: The Virginia House of Burgesses, the first representative assembly in the American colonies, opens in Jamestown, Virginia.

1866: During the Reconstruction period after the Civil War, over thirty African Americans are killed in New Orleans by whites rioting against extending voting rights to blacks.


1935: The first Penguin paperback book is published, an early step in the paperback revolution that would take off after World War II.

1963: The Soviet news service reports that British intelligence officer Kim Philby, recently revealed as a longtime Soviet spy, has defected to the USSR.


1965: President Lyndon Johnson signs legislation creating the Medicare system, which establishes limited medical benefits for people 65 years of age or over.
 
July 31st


My son Michael's 12th B-Day!

1777: The Continental Congress appoints the Marquis de Lafayette, a French volunteer soldier, a major general in the Continental Army at the age of 19.


1790: The new U.S. Patent Office gives Samuel Hopkins the first U.S. patent, for his process for making potash and pearl ashes.

1874: Patrick Healy, an African American Jesuit priest, is named president of Georgetown University, becoming the first black head of a predominantly white college in the United States.

1919: Germany adopts the Weimar Constitution, which provides the basis for government in the country until Adolf Hitler seizes power in 1933.


1941: German field marshal Hermann Göring sends a directive to Nazi security director Reynhard Heydrich, ordering him to prepare a "final solution to the Jewish question": the extermination of the Jews.


1975: Jimmy Hoffa, the former president of the Teamsters union, is reported missing. Although his body has never been found, he is believed to have been kidnapped and murdered.
 
August 1st


1291: The cantons of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden form a protective confederation that will become the nation of Switzerland.


1834: The Emancipation Act abolishes slavery throughout the British Empire.

1944: With Soviet armies approaching the city from the east, the resistance movement in Warsaw, Poland, begins an uprising against the German occupation. The Germans crush the rebellion by October.


1954: The Yangtze River floods in China, killing 40,000 people and forcing 10 million others to leave their homes.


1978: Baseball player Pete Rose's hitting streak of 44 consecutive games, which tied the National League record, comes to an end.


1981: Music Television (MTV) debuts on the air with the video of the Buggles' "Video Killed the Radio Star."
 
August 2nd



1622: Nathaniel Butter and William Sheffard publish Newes from Most Parts of Christendom, the first regular newspaper printed in England. Because of political restrictions, it covers mainly foreign news.


1876: Frontier lawman Wild Bill Hickok is shot from behind while playing poker in a Deadwood, South Dakota, saloon. Hickock's final hand, pairs of aces and eights, becomes known as the "dead man's hand."


1923: President Warren G. Harding dies in San Francisco, four days after collapsing from an embolysm. Vice President Calvin Coolidge is sworn in to succeed him the next day.


1939: Albert Einstein, representing fellow physicists who have discovered that an atomic bomb could be built from uranium, urges President Franklin D. Roosevelt to promote such research before Germany does.


1943: A Japanese destroyer rams a U.S. Navy PT boat commanded by John F. Kennedy. Kennedy and the other survivors swim for hours to a nearby island and are rescued four days later.


1990: Shortly after midnight, 150,000 Iraqi troops invade neighboring Kuwait, capturing the capital city by dawn. The Iraqis will be driven from Kuwait in February at the end of the Persian Gulf War.
 
Mare said:
1923: President Warren G. Harding dies in San Francisco, four days after collapsing from an embolysm. Vice President Calvin Coolidge is sworn in to succeed him the next day.
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The best thing that could have happened to him... if he hadn't died in office, he'd have had no legacy at all, other than that of a man-whore... which is why my AP US history classmates and I referred to him as "Warren G."
 
August 4th


1735: A jury finds John Peter Zenger, publisher of the New York Weekly Journal, not guilty of seditious libel. The case marks the first victory for

1809: Prince Metternich, who will dominate European affairs for much of the next four decades, becomes foreign minister of the Austrian Habsburg empire.


1914: Britain enters World War I by declaring war on Germany after Germany refuses to honor the neutrality of Belgium.


1944: In Amsterdam, Nazi officers arrest 15-year-old diarist Anne Frank and four other Jews in the annex where they have been hiding for two years. Frank will die in the Belsen concentration camp the next year.

1964: Over a month after their disappearance was reported, the bodies of three civil rights workers, James Chaney, Michael Schwerner, and Andrew Goodman, are unearthed in Philadelphia, Mississippi.


1964: U.S. warships in the Gulf of Tonkin report an attack by North Vietnam. The unconfirmed report, along with an earlier encounter, leads Congress to approve U.S. military involvement in Vietnam.
 
August 5th


1305: Scottish hero Sir William Wallace, who led the Scottish resistance to an English invasion in 1298, is captured near Glasgow. He will later be executed by the English for treason.


1583: English explorer Sir Humphrey Gilbert founds the first English colony in North America, near Saint John's, Newfoundland. The colonists soon return to England, however.


1912: The Progressive Party, also known as the Bull Moose Party, chooses former president Theodore Roosevelt, who led the group's break from the Republican Party, as their presidential candidate.


1962: Movie star Marilyn Monroe is found dead of a barbiturate overdose at her home in Los Angeles, California. :rolleyes: :crap:


1963: The United States, the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and the United Kingdom sign a nuclear test ban treaty. Ninety-six other nations sign the pact, but France declines.
 
Mare said:
1963: The United States, the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and the United Kingdom sign a nuclear test ban treaty. Ninety-six other nations sign the pact, but France declines.
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Good, that means France can be used as a "live" ammo test area...
 
August 6th


1806: The Holy Roman Empire comes to an end when Francis II formally resigns as Holy Roman Emperor and becomes Francis I, Emperor of Austria.


1926: American swimmer Gertrude Ederle becomes the first woman to swim the English Channel. She completes the feat in 14 hours, 31 minutes, faster than anyone before.


1926: The Warner Brothers studio gives the first public exhibition of their Vitaphone system for showing talking motion pictures.


1945: The American bomber Enola Gay drops an atomic weapon on Hiroshima, Japan, destroying a majority of the city and killing 60,000 to 70,000 inhabitants, according to American estimates.


1962: The former British colony of Jamaica gains its independence.

1998: Former White House intern Monica Lewinsky testifies for over six hours before a grand jury investigating her relationship with President Bill Clinton. :devious:(oh darnit, where's that BJ smilie when you need it)
 
August 7th


1934: The United States Court of Appeals rules that James Joyce's novel Ulysses is not obscene and may be brought into the U.S.


1941: Rabindranath Tagore, the Indian poet, songwriter, philosopher, and advocate for independence who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913, dies at the age of 80.


1942: United States Marines land at Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands, making the first assault of U.S. troops on Japanese positions in the Pacific Ocean. U.S. forces finally capture the island in February 1943.


1947: In a recreation of a possible prehistoric migration, Norwegian explorer Thor Heyerdahl lands his balsa raft, the Kon-Tiki, on a Polynesian island after a journey from Peru.


1961: Soviet cosmonaut Gherman Titov completes 17 orbits of the Earth in 25.5 hours in Vostok 2, becoming the first person to spend more than a day in space.


1964: After two reported North Vietnamese attacks on U.S. warships, the U.S. Congress approves the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, giving President Lyndon Johnson the power to launch the Vietnam War.
 
August 8th


1588: In the Battle of Gravelines, an English fleet led by Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake destroys the Spanish Armada, a fleet of ships sent by Spain to invade England.


1786: In an early milestone in mountain climbing, Michel Piccard and Jacques Balmat make the first ascent of Mont Blanc, the highest peak in the Alps.


1815: After his final defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon leaves for his forced exile on the remote south Atlantic island of Saint Helena, where he dies six years later.


1846: The U.S. House of Representatives passes the Wilmot Proviso, a controversial measure that bans slavery from territory acquired in the Mexican War. The proviso fails to pass the Senate.


1894: The U.S. administration of President Grover Cleveland recognizes the Republic of Hawaii.


1992: The United States men's Olympic basketball team, made up of professional stars for the first time, defeats Croatia to win the gold medal after dominating the Olympic tournament.
 
Mare said:
August 8th



1846: The U.S. House of Representatives passes the Wilmot Proviso, a controversial measure that bans slavery from territory acquired in the Mexican War. The proviso fails to pass the Senate.
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*Whistles Dixie, thinks thoughts about double standards and hypocrisy, contemplates the perpetuation of mythology, wonders again if anybody is able to put two and two together on their own, decides he doesn't really care, goes for a soda.
 
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