plant typical of Mexico is the nopal, a word which comes from the Náhuatl nopalli. It can easily be recognized by its green and thick long pencas, in the shape of a sports racket. They grow one linked to the next and are both leaves and stalks.
The nopal belongs to the cactus family, comprising several equally spiny plants. Their scientific name is Opuntia and there are many different species, but they are all similar.
The nopal has flowers that open at dawn or at noon and that are truly beautiful: there are pink, red, yellow and orange ones.
Its fruit is the prickly pear, nochtli in Náhuatl, and it tastes really good. Both the prickly pear and the pencas (without the spines, of course) are a common ingredient of the Mexican diet. What's more, nopal might have been one of the first foods of man in the Americas some 11,000 years ago.
There are different dishes made with nopales, and others with the prickly pear. You can even buy nopal and prickly pear ice-cream. Apart from being a delicious, nutritional and cheap food, nopal can even be used for medicinal purposes in cases of such diseases as diabetes and to control cholesterol levels. The slime can even be used to weatherproof the roof of your house!
The nopal grows everywhere in Mexico and it is really easy to plant. All you have to do is cut a penca and put it in the dirt. Rapidly roots will form and the new plant will grow, sometimes to a height between 3 and 5 meters (10 and 15 feet).
Over the centuries the nopal has been present in Mexican traditions. You can see one in the tenochtli, the nopal growing on the stone, visible on the Mexican flag, which gave its name to Tenochtitlán, the ancient name for Mexico City.